Job Study Guide

Meeting Job (Job I)

Response to Loss

Erupting I (Job 3)

Erupting II (Job 3)

Friendship I (4-6)

Friendship II (5-6)

Oppressed (6)

Lamenting (7)

Am I the Sea? (7)

Bildad (8)

Job's Dilemma (9)

Despair (9:21-22)

Despair II (9:21-22)

Three "Ifs" (9)

Gloves Off (10)

Job Finishes I (10)

Job Finishes II (10)

Zophar (11)

Overview 12-14

Job 12

Approaching God

Approaching God II

Job 14:1-12

Job 14:13-22

Eliphaz II (15)

15:17-35

Hammering (16)

Hammering II (16)

Hopelessness (17)

Bildad Again (18)

Bildad Again II (18)

Job Speaks (19)

Redeemer (19)

Zophar II (20)

Job Again (21)

Eliphaz Again (22)

Job Speaks (23)

God's Absence (24)

Bildad Ends (25)

Job's Cynicism (26)

Job Finishes (27)

Time Out! (28)

Job 29:1-10

Job 29:11-25

Shame (30:1-15)

To God (30:16-31)

Job's Oath (31)

Job's Oath II (31)

Elihu I (32)

Elihu II (33:1-18)

Elihu III (33:19-33)

Elihu IV (34)

Elihu V (35)

Elihu VI (36:1-15)

Elihu VII (36:15-23)

Elihu VIII (36-37)

Elihu and God

God I (38)

God II (39)

God III (40:1-14)

Behemoth/Leviathan

Leviathan (41)

42:1-6

42:7-9; Job is Right

42:10-17- Restored

Am I the Sea (Job 7:11-21)?

Bill Long 1/16/05

The God who is just Too Close

In today's study we examine the final 11 verses of Job's second speech. He has just ended with a two-verse meditation on Sheol--"those who go down to Sheol do not come up; they return no more to their houses, nor do their places know them any more (7:9-10)." Thus, the irreversibility of death is now on Job's mind. Here, for the first time, Job will then directly address God in the second person. His spirit and words are different from what has been previously said; my purpose is to probe these words. The language is immensely vivid and highly concentrated.

7:11-21

"11 Therefore I will not restrain my mouth; I will speak in the anguish of my spirit; I will complain in the bitterness of my soul. 12 Am I the Sea, or the Dragon, that you set a guard over me? 13 When I say, 'My bed will comfort me, my couch will ease my complaint,' 14 then you scare me with dreams and terrify me with visions, 15 so that I would choose strangling and death rather than this body. 16 I loathe my life; I would not live forever. Let me alone, for my days are a breath.

17 What are human beings, that you make so much of them, that you set your mind on them, 18 visit them every morning, test them every moment? 19 Will you not look away from me for a while, let me alone until I swallow my spittle? 20 If I sin, what do I do to you, you watcher of humanity? Why have you made me your target? Why have I become a burden to you? 21 Why do you not pardon my transgression and take away my iniquity? For now I shall lie in the earth; you will seek me, but I shall not be."

A. "Therefore" (v.11) is a word that builds on a previous argument. How does 7:11 "follow" from 7:1-10 or, especially from 7:9-10?

B. If 7:7 (previous lesson) is spoken "in the direction of God," as some scholars would contend, 7:12 is addressed directly to God. What are the mental steps one has to go through in going from generic expressions of pain (ch. 3) to speaking of God in the third person (ch. 6) to speaking in the "direction" of God (7:7) to direct address to God? In other words, why did it take Job so long to address God directly?

C. A terrifying picture is created in vv. 13-14. What is is?

D. What is the "tone" of Job's voice in 7:12--"Am I the Sea, or the Dragon, that you set a guard over me?" You might want to glance at Job 40:15-41:34 for two such creatures which God has "tamed."

E. What emotions are driving Job's speech here? How are they similar to or different from the emotions we discussed previously?

F. Read Ps. 8:3-9 and then Job 7:17-18. I reproduce a portion of the former here for your convenience. "Ps. 8:3, When I look at your heavens, the work of your fingers, the moon and the stars that you have established, 4 what are human beings that you are mindful of them, mortals that you care for them?" How has Job "used" the Psalm or the ideas behind the Psalm?

G. The passage closes with a series of five questions that Job asks God. What is the "real question" behind these five questions?

H. Does Job say 7:21 with an air of triumph? deep sadness? What would he be meaning in each case?

Concluding Thoughts

I look at several sections of Job's thoughts as a sort of commentary on other sections of Scripture. This affects my view on when the Book of Job was written. I would say it is probably post-exilic (after 587 B.C) instead of one of the earlies biblical books, which some would argue. But Job 3, Job 7, Job 10, Job 42 and other places sesem to be meditations on other Scriptures, meditations where Job is either reversing the meaning of these texts or trying to apply them to his situation. What does this theory suggest about Job's piety?

Finally, some of my questions on this section focus on Job's view of God's closeness to him. But for Job this closeness of God is now an oppressive presence. God will not even allow him to swallow his spittle (7:19). What are the dangers and the advantages of having a theology of God's closeness to the individual beleiver? Do the benefits of this theology outweigh its disadvantages? Are you bothered by the way I phrased the previous two questions?

 



Copyright © 2004-2007 William R. Long